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My latest articles //
Kubernetes Observability – Part VII: Logging with Loki
In this Logging with Loki deep dive, I explain how log collection and analysis works in principle, and then demonstrate what separates Loki from other log storage solutions. I elaborate on the different Helm charts you can use to install Loki into your Kubernetes cluster and go into the installation process using the lock-stack chart in detail. I demonstrate how…
Kubernetes Observability – Part VI: Prometheus in Kubernetes guide
This article discusses the different options you have to install Prometheus in Kubernetes, and then explains the installation of the Prometheus operator in detail, using the kube-prometheus-stack Helm chart. I conclude with how to upgrade your Prometheus stack as well as your own alerting rules and Grafana dashboards. Introduction The Prometheus stack is a popular set of tools used to achieve observability of your…
Kubernetes Observability – Part V: alerting best practices
This article explains best practices for writing alerts on an abstract, tool-independent level. I go into technical alerting patterns (including RED and USE) and why it is better to start from a business angle instead. I elaborate on general alerting rule design, such as alert frequency and appropriate destinations, and give concrete tips for addressing observability in the different layers…
Kubernetes Observability – Part IV: PromQL tips
This is a deep dive into PromQL, the Prometheus query language. I discuss the basic data formats (instant vector and range vector), explain the different types of operators and functions, and then elaborate on how binary operators do result vector matching. I conclude with various PromQL tips and hints, and help you get started in practice. Introduction The Prometheus stack is a…
Kubernetes Observability – Part III: Prometheus & Alertmanager basic concepts
This article helps you understand the basic Alertmanager and Prometheus concepts, such as metrics, time series, samples, alerts, and alert notifications. I also explain how data is conceptually stored, how you should approach instrumenting your application, and the basic idea of dashboards. Introduction The Prometheus stack is a popular set of tools used to achieve observability of your system. As indicated in the learning…
Kubernetes Observability – Part II: architecture introduction to Prometheus, Alertmanager & Grafana
This article takes a detailed look at the architecture of the Prometheus stack, consisting of the individual applications Prometheus, Alertmanager, Grafana, Pushgateway, and various exporters. I discuss how each component is configured, which kind of data it stores, and how Prometheus can be scaled. Introduction to Prometheus The Prometheus stack is a popular set of tools used to achieve observability…
Kubernetes Observability with Prometheus, Loki & Grafana – Part I: Learning guide
In this article I define the term observability, why you need it and what basic steps are necessary to achieve it. I then present a generic learning guide for how to implement observability for Kubernetes with the Prometheus-stack. Introduction to Observability It is always important to quickly determine that your system is malfunctioninig, and to reduce the time needed to…
CI/CD Basics
CI/CD is the process of fully automating tasks such as building, testing and deploying your software. Instead of running these tasks manually, on a developer laptop, you have them executed on a server all the time. In this article, I dive deeper into the definition of CI/CD and related terms, explain the background of CI/CD, as well as its advantages…
Authorization flow with OAuth 2.0 and OpenID connect
OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect 1.0 solve user authorization and authentication. In this article, I discuss the advantages and the authorization and authentication flows of both protocols, based on a video presentation by Nate Barbettini. Introduction If you develop an application, e.g. a mobile or web app, common problems are user authentication and authorization. The former identifies a user (and…
Renovate bot cheat sheet – the 11 most useful customizations
Renovate bot is a tool that automatically updates third-party dependencies declared in your Git repository via pull requests. This Renovate bot cheat sheet helps developers who adopt Renovate to customize the most common (and useful) configuration options, without having to read the entire, extensive Renovate bot documentation. Introduction Renovate (Bot) is a CLI tool that regularly scans your Git repositories…